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                <text>&lt;em&gt;Maison des Esclaves (House of Slaves)&lt;/em&gt; (Gorée Island, Senegal)</text>
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                <text>Subject (Topic)&lt;br /&gt;Middle Passage&lt;br /&gt;Transatlantic Slave Trade&lt;br /&gt;Slave Trade&lt;br /&gt;Dakar, Senegal</text>
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                <text>The island of Gorée was the site of one of the earliest European settlements in Western Africa and from the 15th to the 19th century, served as the largest slave-trading site on the African coast. Built in 1776, Maison des Esclaves, was a detention center for captured Africans who were destined to be sold as slaves. In 1962 the home was established as a museum dedicated to telling the “personal stories of a private home and the role of its owners in both local business and the slave trade.”</text>
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                <text>To learn more about UNESCO's Island of Gorée World Heritage Site, click &lt;a href="https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/26"&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;To listen to a short interview with the curator of the &lt;em&gt;Maison des Esclaves, &lt;/em&gt;click &lt;a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fspECppEK_Q" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;here.&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Rue St-Germain, Gorée Island, Senegal</text>
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                <text>International Coalition of Sites of Conscience</text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;Never Again Slavery Statue&lt;/em&gt; (Albreda, The Gambia)</text>
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                <text>Subject (Topic) &lt;br /&gt;Slavery-Emancipation &lt;br /&gt;Middle Passage &lt;br /&gt;Transatlantic Slave Trade &lt;br /&gt;Slave Trade &lt;br /&gt;Albreda/Juffureh, The Gambia</text>
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                <text>The work depicts an abstracted human figure, arms outstretched above their head, broken chains hanging from each wrist. Both the frontal and posterior planes of the body are painted black, while the sides of the body are painted white. A geometric, linear symbol is inscribed on the figure's chest. A globe is used for the figure’s head. “Never Again!” Is painted on the base of the work.</text>
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                <text>To read more about the slave trave in Senegal and the Gambia, click &lt;a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/foge.12025" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;here.&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Wikipedia Commons </text>
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              <text>Sculpture; Memorial Arch</text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;La Porte Du Non Retour (The Gate of No Return)&lt;/em&gt; (Ouidah, Benin)</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;Subject (Topic)&lt;br /&gt;Africa&lt;br /&gt;Public art&lt;br /&gt;Public sculpture&lt;br /&gt;Ouidah--Benin--History&lt;br /&gt;Slave trade&lt;br /&gt;Slave trade--Africa--History&lt;br /&gt;Slave trade--Benin--Ouidah--History&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;Subject (Object Type) &lt;br /&gt;Commemorative sculpture &lt;br /&gt;Memorial Arches&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;Located on the sandy shores of Ouidah, Benin, the monumental concrete red, white, and yellow-painted gate and the metallic sculptures that flank it, commemorate the horrors of the Transatlantic Slave Trade. The memorial gate, which marks the point where African captives were forced onto transatlantic slave ships, is connected by a path, known as the “Slave Route,” to the market square, where enslaved people were once sold. The memorial arche is embellished with a frieze, depicting two lines of enslaved people bound at their hands and chained together as they walk towards waiting ships. The columns are adorned with sculptures depicting men and women captives, their extremities bound, as they kneel and await their fate in Portuguese-built forts. The back of the gate is adorned with depictions of their native towns. Yves Ahouangnimon was the architect for the project; Fortuné Bandiera created figures and bas reliefs on the columns; Yves Apollinaire Pèdé created the bas-reliefs on the center arch and two free-standing &lt;em&gt;egungun&lt;/em&gt;; and Dominique Kouas created the copper statues.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>Ahouangnimon, Yves</text>
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                <text>Bandiera, Fortuné, 1953-</text>
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                <text>Kouas, Dominique, 1952-</text>
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                <text>Pèdé, Yves Apollinaire, 1959-</text>
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                <text>Dedicated: November 30, 1995</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://en.unesco.org/themes/fostering-rights-inclusion/slave-route#Collection" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;The Slave Route, UNESCO&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href="https://medium.com/from-traditional-to-contemporary-aesthetic/the-slaving-port-of-ouidah-and-monumental-discourse-around-the-atlantic-perimeter-a41968341a57" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Route des Escalves, Ouidah, Benin</text>
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                <text>Photographs: Dan Stone, &lt;a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/dantoujours/33680680066/in/album-72157678589698644/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;https://www.flickr.com/photos/dantoujours/33680680066/in/album-72157678589698644/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href="https://medium.com/from-traditional-to-contemporary-aesthetic/the-slaving-port-of-ouidah-and-monumental-discourse-around-the-atlantic-perimeter-a41968341a57" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Photograph of commemorative plaque: &lt;a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Porte_du_non_retour_11.jpg" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Porte_du_non_retour_11.jpg&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Gouvernement de la République du Bénin and UNESCO.</text>
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                <text>Gouvernement de la République du Bénin</text>
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        <name>Yves Ahouangnimon</name>
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        <name>Yves Apollinaire Pede</name>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;Mémorial de l’Anse Cafard&lt;/em&gt; (Le Diamant, Martinique)</text>
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                <text>Subject (Topic)&lt;br /&gt;Middle Passage&lt;br /&gt;Transatlantic Slave Trade&lt;br /&gt;Slave Trade&lt;br /&gt;Diaspora&lt;br /&gt;Le Diamant, Martinique</text>
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Commemorative sculpture</text>
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                <text>The memorial, which overlooks the sea, commemorates both the enslaved people who perished in a shipwreck off the coast of Martinique in 1830, and more generally, the tens of thousands of enslaved Africans who were taken to Martinique as part of the transatlantic slave trade. Arranged in a triangle the 15 stone figures are presented as abstracted, geometrized forms, stripping away any individualizing facial or bodily features. The figures face the ocean, leaning forward, their eyes cast downwards and their mouths open, as if vocalizing a scream.</text>
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                <text>Valère, Laurent, 1959-</text>
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                <text>Dedicated: May 22, 1998</text>
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                <text>To view excellent high-res images of the work, click &lt;a href="https://www.uncommoncaribbean.com/martinique/uncommon-attraction-anse-cafard-slave-memorial-martinique/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Memorial Anse Caffard, Anse Cafard, Le Diamant, Martinique</text>
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                <text>Memory and History of Slavery: Places and Events</text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;Redemption Song&lt;/em&gt; (Kingston, Jamaica)</text>
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                <text>Two nude figures, shown from the knees up, face one another as they gaze skyward. The two bronze figures of a man and woman stand in a cast-iron dome fountain.</text>
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                <text>Facey, Laura, 1954-</text>
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                <text>National Gallery of Jamaica; Jamaica National Heritage Trust; National Government of Jamaica</text>
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                <text>To watch &lt;em&gt;Paddlin' Spirit,&lt;/em&gt; short documentary film about the Laura Facey, &lt;a href="https://caribbeantalesfestival.com/project/paddlin-spirit-a-portrait-of-the-artist-laura-facey/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;click here.&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Emancipation Park Oxford Road and, Knutsford Blvd, Kingston, Jamaica</text>
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                <text>Emancipation Park Online: A Tribute to Freedom</text>
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              <text>Building</text>
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              <text>Building: 77,000 sq. ft; Gardens surrounding the museum: 5 acres</text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;Mémorial ACTe&lt;/em&gt; (Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe)</text>
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                <text>Subject (Topic)&lt;br /&gt;Slavery-Emancipation&lt;br /&gt;Slavery-Abolition&lt;br /&gt;Middle Passage&lt;br /&gt;Transatlantic Slave Trade&lt;br /&gt;Slave Trade&lt;br /&gt;Diaspora&lt;br /&gt;Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe</text>
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                <text>The museum, housed in a silver-latticework structure on the site of the former Darboussier sugar factory along the Pointe-à-Pitre waterfront, is dedicated to the history of the slave trade and slavery. The museum includes permanent exhibitions devoted to the history of slavery from Antiquity to the present alongside exhibitions of contemporary art by Guadeloupian artists such as Thierry Alet, Bruno Pédurand and Shuk One.</text>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Atelier Architecture B.M. C. (Berthelot/Micka-Celestine)</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>Opened to the public: July 7, 2015</text>
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                <text>To visit the museum's website, click &lt;a href="http://memorial-acte.fr" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Darboussier, 97110, Rue Raspail, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe</text>
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                <text>Thierry Fundéré/ RCI.FM</text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;Desenkadena&lt;/em&gt; (Willemstad, Curaçao)</text>
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                <text>Subject (Topic)&lt;br /&gt;Slavery-Emancipation&lt;br /&gt;Middle Passage&lt;br /&gt;Transatlantic Slave Trade&lt;br /&gt;Slave Trade&lt;br /&gt;Diaspora&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;Willemstad, Curaçao</text>
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                <text>Subject (Object Type)&lt;br /&gt;Commemorative sculpture</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>The over life-size bronze sculptural group depicts three figures, two men and one woman. As the title of the work, &lt;em&gt;Desenkadena&lt;/em&gt; (unchained) suggests, the figures are breaking free from the chains that bind their wrists. The central figure is flanked by a man and woman, both of whom gaze at him as he breaks their chains. The “chain breaker,” a muscular, semi-nude man, stands in front of an anvil. Simon captures the figure mid-swing as he raises a hammer over his head with his right hand. In his left hand he holds iron chains in place with a chisel. The work commemorates the 1795 slave rebellion led by an enslaved person called Tula.</text>
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                <text>Simon, Nel, 1938-</text>
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                <text>Dedicated: October 17, 1998</text>
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                <text>To see how the work was made, click &lt;a href="http://nelsimon.nl/en/16031/the_making_of_the_tula_monument_desenkadena_curacao/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;here.&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
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                <text>Tula Monument, 4352+9F Willemstad, Curaçao</text>
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                <text>Pinterest.com</text>
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          <name>Original Format</name>
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              <text>Sculpture </text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;Emancipation Statue&lt;/em&gt; (Bridgetown, Barbados)</text>
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                <text>Subject (Topic)&lt;br /&gt;Slavery-Emancipation&lt;br /&gt;Middle Passage&lt;br /&gt;Transatlantic Slave Trade&lt;br /&gt;Slave Trade&lt;br /&gt;Diaspora&lt;br /&gt;Bridgetown, Barbados</text>
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                <text>Subject (Name)&lt;br /&gt;Bussa</text>
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                <text>The monumental bronze statue depicts a semi-nude figure, dressed only in shorts. He raises his arms in a triumphant gesture, which accentuates the broken chains around his wrists. The identity of the figure is thought to be the leader of the April 1816 slave revolt, General Bussa. Although ultimately unsuccessful, it was the largest revolt in Barbadian history, General Bussa commanded nearly 400 freedom fighters.</text>
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                <text>Broodhagen, Karl, 1909–2002</text>
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                <text>Unveiled: March 28, 1985</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=13&amp;amp;v=u1EOQOLyCvE" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Aerial viedo of the statue&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>English</text>
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            <name>Type</name>
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                <text>Visual Arts-Sculpture</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
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                <text>J.T.C. Ramsay, Bridgetown, Barbados</text>
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                <text>pinterest.com</text>
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      <description>A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.</description>
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        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
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              <text>Sculpture </text>
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              <text>141.72'' x 94.44'' (359.9688 cm x 239.8776 cm)</text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;Le Marron Inconnu de Saint-Domingue&lt;/em&gt; (Port-au-Prince, Haiti)</text>
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                <text>Subject (Topic)&lt;br /&gt;Slavery-Emancipation&lt;br /&gt;Middle Passage&lt;br /&gt;Transatlantic Slave Trade&lt;br /&gt;Slave Trade&lt;br /&gt;Diaspora&lt;br /&gt;Port-au-Prince, Haiti</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>The bronze sculpture depicts a man, clad only in torn shorts, kneeling on his right leg. His left leg is outstretched behind him, a broken iron chain lays on the ground around his left foot. He arches his torso back as he holds a conch shell to his lips with his left hand, tilting his head upward. His right hand holds a machete at the ground. The statue was created to commemorate the abolition of slavery in Haiti.</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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                <text>Mangonès, Albert, 1917 –2002</text>
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                <text>Completed: September 22, 1967</text>
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                <text>Place du Marron Inconnu, Champ de Mars, HT6110 Port-au-Prince, Haiti</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>Wikipedia.org</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;Reconciliation Memorial &lt;/em&gt;(Richmond, Virginia)&lt;em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/em&gt;</text>
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                <text>Subject (Topic)&lt;br /&gt;Antislavery movements--United States&lt;br /&gt;Transatlantic Slave Trade&lt;br /&gt;Middle Passage&lt;br /&gt;Northeastern United States&lt;br /&gt;Public art&lt;br /&gt;Public sculpture</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>The bronze torsos of two abstracted figures, engaged in a tight embrace, emerge from a rectangular bronze base. Unlike its &lt;a href="https://www.community-sourcing-beta-test.slaverymonuments.org/admin/items/show/1138" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Liverpudlian&lt;/a&gt; counterpart, this work includes the addition of bronze low-relief designs, reflecting images related to the slave trade, including cotton plants, chains, and industrial factories. The work was erected close to Richmond’s &lt;a href="https://www.citylab.com/equity/2015/02/americas-failure-to-preserve-historic-slave-markets/385367/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;former slave market in Shockoe Bottom&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Broadbent, Stephen</text>
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                <text>Dedicated: March 31, 2007</text>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>East Main Street Richmond, VA 23219, United States</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>Broadbent Studio</text>
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