<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<itemContainer xmlns="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5 http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5/omeka-xml-5-0.xsd" uri="https://community-sourcing-beta-test.slaverymonuments.org/items?output=omeka-xml&amp;page=9&amp;sort_field=added" accessDate="2026-10-02T06:20:51+00:00">
  <miscellaneousContainer>
    <pagination>
      <pageNumber>9</pageNumber>
      <perPage>10</perPage>
      <totalResults>107</totalResults>
    </pagination>
  </miscellaneousContainer>
  <item itemId="1163" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="348">
        <src>https://community-sourcing-beta-test.slaverymonuments.org/files/original/382d835569deb0d8369ba608f05b83f6.png</src>
        <authentication>72a35c4cd6997e89a4d931d7c9c1267c</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <itemType itemTypeId="19">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2695">
                <text>&lt;em&gt;Zumbi dos Palmares&lt;/em&gt; (Salvador da Bahia, Brazil)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2696">
                <text>Subject (Topic)&lt;br /&gt;Slavery&lt;br /&gt;Resistance&lt;br /&gt;Middle Passage&lt;br /&gt;Transatlantic Slave Trade&lt;br /&gt;Slave Trade&lt;br /&gt;Public art&lt;br /&gt;Public sculpture&lt;br /&gt;Salvador da Bahia, Brazil</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="2804">
                <text>Subject (Name)&lt;br /&gt;Zumbi (Zumbi dos Palmares), 1655 – 1695</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="2805">
                <text>Subject (Object Type):&#13;
Commemorative sculpture</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2697">
                <text>Duarte, Lázaro Souza</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2698">
                <text>Dedicated: May 30, 2008</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2699">
                <text>Palmares Cultural Foundation; A Mulherada; Minster of Culture; Municpality of Salvador</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2700">
                <text>JPEG</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2701">
                <text>English</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2702">
                <text>Visual Arts-Sculpture</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2703">
                <text>Praça da Sé, 15-23 - Pelourinho, Salvador - BA, 40020-210, Brazil</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2806">
                <text>The work is dedicated to Zumbi dos Palmares, a &lt;a href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/quilombo" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Quilombo&lt;/a&gt; leader and one of the principle forces behind the resistance to slavery in Brazil. The muscular, semi-nude figure of Zumbi dos Palmares, stands with his weight shifted to his right foot. He brings the sole of his left foot to his right shin and holds a spear in his left hand as he turns his head slightly to the left.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3154">
                <text>Laura De la Rosa, ResearchGate</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="1164" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="347">
        <src>https://community-sourcing-beta-test.slaverymonuments.org/files/original/f55d8049930567b606e5eb0fd5d539a6.jpg</src>
        <authentication>c2cc15c1cbc06873fd9377c065a8cc3a</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <itemType itemTypeId="19">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2708">
                <text>&lt;em&gt;Valongo Wharf&lt;/em&gt; (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2709">
                <text>Subject (Topic)&#13;
Slavery&#13;
Middle Passage&#13;
Transatlantic Slave Trade&#13;
Slave Trade&#13;
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="2803">
                <text>Subject (Object Type)&lt;br /&gt;Memorial</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2710">
                <text>As the last nation in the Americas to officially abolish slavery in 1888, historians estimate that of the approximately 10.7 million enslaved persons brought to the Americas, as many as 50 percent arrived in Brazil. Valongo was the debarkation point for an estimated 900,000 slaves. In July 2007 the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization added the &lt;a href="https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1548" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;wharf to its World Heritage List&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The site consists of a number of archaeological layers, the lowest of which are the remains of the Valongo Wharf’s floor pavings. The bodies of the slaves who died upon arrival in Brazil were burned, and chopped-up bones were buried in mass graves on a site near the wharf.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2711">
                <text>To watch a video about this site from the United Nations Information Centre for Brazil, click &lt;a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v1EgNV_4dSk" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2712">
                <text>Av. Barão de Tefé - Saúde, Rio de Janeiro - RJ, 20220-460, Brazil</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3156">
                <text>UNESCO</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="1165" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="346">
        <src>https://community-sourcing-beta-test.slaverymonuments.org/files/original/a70034f880b5d7a41e85d18a9ccd3f6e.jpg</src>
        <authentication>0434a74d97d1f5adc947fe7ef184c6b7</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <itemType itemTypeId="19">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2802">
              <text>Sculpture </text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2715">
                <text>&lt;em&gt;Gilt of Cain&lt;/em&gt; (London, England)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2716">
                <text>Subject (Topic)&lt;br /&gt;Slavery&lt;br /&gt;Resistance&lt;br /&gt;Middle Passage&lt;br /&gt;Transatlantic Slave Trade&lt;br /&gt;Slave Trade&lt;br /&gt;Public art&lt;br /&gt;Public sculpture&lt;br /&gt;London, UK</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="2800">
                <text>Subject (Object Type)&lt;br /&gt;Commemorative sculpture</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2717">
                <text>Located near St. Mary Woolnoth Church, where the abolitionist &lt;a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/William-Wilberforce" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;William Wilberforce&lt;/a&gt; heard the anti-slavery sermons of the &lt;a href="https://collections.rmg.co.uk/collections/objects/107250.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Rev. John Newton, &lt;/a&gt;the monument consists of 17 carved granite columns clustered around a granite podium. The curvilinear forms of the columns recall the growing stems of sugarcane. According to the artists, the position of the columns and podium are meant to suggest a group of people “gathered to listen to a speaker – perhaps the Rev Newton preaching against slavery, perhaps a trader auctioning his slaves, perhaps William Wilberforce campaigning in front of an audience.” Excerpts from Lemn Sissay's poem, the &lt;em&gt;Gilt of Cain&lt;/em&gt;, are inscribed on the work. The words are inscribed in the same typography used in early abolitionist literature printed near the site.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2718">
                <text>Sissay, Lemn (Poet); Visocchi, Michael (Sculptor)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2719">
                <text>FurtureCity; Black British Heritage; City of London</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2720">
                <text>To learn more about the artists and the history of the work's commission, click &lt;a href="https://futurecity.co.uk/portfolio/gilt-of-cain/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;here.&lt;/a&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2721">
                <text>JPEG</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2722">
                <text>English</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2723">
                <text>Visual Arts-Sculpture</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2724">
                <text>120 Fenchurch St, London EC3M 5BA, UK (51.5121°N 0.0815°W)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3157">
                <text>Future City</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="1166" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="345">
        <src>https://community-sourcing-beta-test.slaverymonuments.org/files/original/45c48f19ac00e72adb07f7fb288619ce.jpg</src>
        <authentication>b65f04fb288ab13cb7704de92e7d50d6</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <itemType itemTypeId="19">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="3651">
              <text>Sculpture</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2727">
                <text>&lt;em&gt;Atorkor Slave Monument&lt;/em&gt; (Atorkor, Ghana)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2728">
                <text>Subject (Topic)&lt;br /&gt;Slavery&lt;br /&gt;Middle Passage&lt;br /&gt;Transatlantic Slave Trade&lt;br /&gt;Slave Trade&lt;br /&gt;Public art&lt;br /&gt;Public sculpture&lt;br /&gt;Anlo-Afiadenyigba, Ghana</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="2799">
                <text>Subject (Object Type)&lt;br /&gt;Commemorative sculpture</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2729">
                <text>&lt;p class="p1"&gt;&lt;span class="s1"&gt;The memorial is located in the coastal Ghanaian district of Anlo, once known for its substantial involvement in the slave trade. A high-walled circular enclosure with a small wooden door, which serves as a narrow entrance, leads the viewer to the central feature of the memorial: a life-size sculptural group of a tall European slave-trader brandishing a whip over two kneeling African figures. The African figures, dressed in traditional garb, are chained at the neck. The interior walls of the monument are embellished with a narrative frieze illustrating a popular local legend. The narrative frieze of the memorial tells the story of a popular white trader who lived in Atorkor (a small village located in the district of Anlo): As the story goes: “One day, the Trader announced a dancing competition for the best dancers and drummers amongst the youth on his ship. The best dancer in the village was a beautiful young girl, but her parents forbade her from attending the party, as she had not completed her chores for the day. All the other young people in the village went to the dancing competition on the boat, where they were plied with rum before being shackled and sold into slavery.” As artist and educator Senam Okudzeto notes, “There are many versions of the story. This particular one corresponds with the official government version and was sourced from a website put up by the present chief of Atorkor, Samuel Adjorlorlo, who runs the Atorkor Development Foundation (ADF), an NGO for the development of the region” (see b&lt;span&gt;ibliographic citation).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2730">
                <text>1999</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2731">
                <text>Tourism Development Committee (part of the National Gov't of Ghana)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2732">
                <text>JPEG</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2733">
                <text>English</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2734">
                <text>Visual Arts-Sculpture</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3158">
                <text>Visit Volta Region, Ghana Tourism Authority</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="1167" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="343">
        <src>https://community-sourcing-beta-test.slaverymonuments.org/files/original/fa34dbede6030f82883e4154471ae4ec.jpg</src>
        <authentication>9743f965ab11a10dfa16521503c5b581</authentication>
      </file>
      <file fileId="344">
        <src>https://community-sourcing-beta-test.slaverymonuments.org/files/original/3ef0df8eeea73f457068a13b0d62bfee.jpg</src>
        <authentication>9d07b73e16fa4e658829feafcba7b592</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <itemType itemTypeId="19">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2797">
              <text>Sculpture </text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="10">
          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
          <description>The actual physical size of the original image</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2798">
              <text>84''</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2737">
                <text>&lt;em&gt;Neg Mawon Emancipation Monument&lt;/em&gt; (Roseau, Dominica )</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2738">
                <text>Subject (Topic)&lt;br /&gt;Slavery-Emancipation&lt;br /&gt;Slavery-Abolition&lt;br /&gt;Middle Passage&lt;br /&gt;Transatlantic Slave Trade&lt;br /&gt;Slave Trade&lt;br /&gt;Diaspora&lt;br /&gt;Roseau, Dominica</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="2796">
                <text>Subject (Object Type)&#13;
Commemorative sculpture</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2739">
                <text>Standing resolutely forward, the muscular figure of a shirtless self-emancipated man ('neg maron' or black maroon), with broken shackles and chains around his wrists and neck, holds a conch shell to his lips. The bronze figure, located in the center of a traffic circle, celebrates the self-emancipated (maroon) societies that engaged in a sustained struggle against slavery and French colonialism. The work was unveiled during Dominica’s 2013 Emancipation Celebrations.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2740">
                <text>Zamore, Franklyn</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2741">
                <text>Dedicated: August 2, 2013</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2742">
                <text>Cultural Division; National Cultural Council</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2743">
                <text>JPEG</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2744">
                <text>English</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2745">
                <text>Visual Arts-Sculpture</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2746">
                <text>Dame Mary Eugenia Charles Blvd, Roseau, Dominica (15° 17.767′ N, 61° 23.173′ W)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3159">
                <text>Read The Plaque; Historical Markers Database</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="1168" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="341">
        <src>https://community-sourcing-beta-test.slaverymonuments.org/files/original/124f0d2f4b47a9d42f6b2205f7e21b09.jpg</src>
        <authentication>906aee73b7c61578fa86a98bbdcec994</authentication>
      </file>
      <file fileId="342">
        <src>https://community-sourcing-beta-test.slaverymonuments.org/files/original/cff77739d8819c3ea72815e9eac38301.jpg</src>
        <authentication>f63af59a793e7f566d7d7deb13a72f04</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <itemType itemTypeId="19">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2793">
              <text>Sculpture </text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="10">
          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
          <description>The actual physical size of the original image</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2794">
              <text>354.331'' x 196.85''</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2750">
                <text>&lt;em&gt;Clave&lt;/em&gt; (Rotterdam, The Netherlands)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2751">
                <text>Subject (Topic) &lt;br /&gt;Slavery &lt;br /&gt;Middle Passage&lt;br /&gt;Transatlantic Slave Trade&lt;br /&gt;Slave Trade&lt;br /&gt;Rotterdam, The Netherlands</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="2789">
                <text>Subject (Object Type)&lt;br /&gt;Commemorative sculpture</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2752">
                <text>da Silva, Alex, 1974-</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2753">
                <text>Dedicated: June 16, 2013</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2754">
                <text>JPEG</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2755">
                <text>English</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2756">
                <text>Visual Arts-Sculpture</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2757">
                <text>Lloydstraat, 45-59, 3024 Rotterdam, The Netherlands</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2790">
                <text>Four nude figures dance across the abstracted bow of a ship. Each figure strikes a distinct, rhythmic pose even as they are shackled together at the ankle by iron chains. The outer most figure appears to have broken free from this rhythmic chain-gang-- iron chains dangle freely from his right ankle. The work, unveiled on the 150th anniversary of the abolition of slavery in Surinam and the Dutch Antilles, is located along the Maas River in Lloydkwartier, a newly designed neighborhood built in the old port area of Delfshaven. The work’s location and title evoke the Dutch slave trade. Clave refers to a rhythmic pattern used in Afro-Cuban music.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2791">
                <text>To watch a video of the work, click &lt;a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=boHuPIEnpx8" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;here.&lt;/a&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3160">
                <text>Art at Heart</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="1169" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="338">
        <src>https://community-sourcing-beta-test.slaverymonuments.org/files/original/a907c6352f5124863eadf19214ce6d82.jpg</src>
        <authentication>30bf9b2e4cd0a61bf5b8cf73f45940a0</authentication>
      </file>
      <file fileId="339">
        <src>https://community-sourcing-beta-test.slaverymonuments.org/files/original/0696dea00b23381c270b3f4abc7ec94d.jpg</src>
        <authentication>d4d8310b84e221679ccd24b8a61a68f8</authentication>
      </file>
      <file fileId="340">
        <src>https://community-sourcing-beta-test.slaverymonuments.org/files/original/c7769545511a9097927a1b9754e4bbfd.jpg</src>
        <authentication>1cc52c0bb98fc0aaabb2593019d732f3</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <itemType itemTypeId="19">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2788">
              <text>Sculpture </text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2760">
                <text>&lt;em&gt;Haitian Monument&lt;/em&gt; (Savannah, GA)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2761">
                <text>Subject (Topic)&lt;br /&gt;Associations--Military&lt;br /&gt;American South&lt;br /&gt;American Revolution</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2762">
                <text>Mastin, James</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2763">
                <text>First four figures dedicated: October 8th 2007;&#13;
Two additional figures unveiled: October 2009</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2764">
                <text>Haitian-American Historical Society</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2765">
                <text>JPEG</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2766">
                <text>English</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2767">
                <text>Visual Arts-Sculpture</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2768">
                <text>Franklin Square, Savannah, GA 31401, United States</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2787">
                <text>&lt;p class="p1"&gt;&lt;span class="s1"&gt;The &lt;i&gt;Haitian Monument&lt;/i&gt; commemorates the contributions of the Chasseurs-Volontaires de Saint-Domingue, a French regiment of free men of African descent, during the American Revolution. The work depicts five uniformed and armed soldiers, rifles pointed at the ready. One of the soldiers sits, wounded, his face contorted in a grimace as he rests his rifle across his lap and brings his right hand to his chest. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The&lt;span class="Apple-converted-space"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;young drummer boy, who stands just to the left of the armed group, is &lt;a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-Christophe" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Henri Christophe&lt;/a&gt;, an important &lt;span&gt;leader in the Haitian Revolution and the only monarch of the Kingdom of Haiti&lt;/span&gt;. Christophe, who joined the Chasseurs-Volontaires as a teen is believed, although firm proof does not exist, to have participated in the Siege of Savannah.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="1170" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="330">
        <src>https://community-sourcing-beta-test.slaverymonuments.org/files/original/05e79c2e6847aab1ee4ef395167fae25.jpg</src>
        <authentication>a50351050e5aed7708bfc94e1d4e6b06</authentication>
      </file>
      <file fileId="331">
        <src>https://community-sourcing-beta-test.slaverymonuments.org/files/original/b4e8b73c7658c88f9fb4f881c4d2675c.jpg</src>
        <authentication>84b35d6ad89c97e15d002b7620367df4</authentication>
      </file>
      <file fileId="332">
        <src>https://community-sourcing-beta-test.slaverymonuments.org/files/original/b457554a877319209cdb7ea5080d0b1c.jpg</src>
        <authentication>5d4b9a470e0003bfb740621f5eab77b6</authentication>
      </file>
      <file fileId="333">
        <src>https://community-sourcing-beta-test.slaverymonuments.org/files/original/e8e6c772f0d0e2c64cc6d1995ac4421f.jpg</src>
        <authentication>cab5240fe75be3546570f49ea9edd1da</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <itemType itemTypeId="19">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2785">
              <text>Sculpture </text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="10">
          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
          <description>The actual physical size of the original image</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="2786">
              <text>120 x 120 x 144 in. (304.8 x 304.8 x 365.76 cm.)</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2772">
                <text>&lt;em&gt;Gateway to Freedom: International Memorial to the Underground Railroad&lt;/em&gt; (Detroit, MI )</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2773">
                <text>Subject (Topic)&lt;br /&gt;Underground Railroad&lt;br /&gt;Slavery-- Abolition&lt;br /&gt;Slavery-- Emancipation&lt;br /&gt;Resistance&lt;br /&gt;Midwestern United States&lt;br /&gt;Public art&lt;br /&gt;Public sculpture</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="2784">
                <text>Subject (Object Type)&lt;br /&gt;Commemorative sculpture</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2774">
                <text>&lt;p class="p1"&gt;&lt;span class="s1"&gt;Two gateway pillars (approximately fifteen feet tall), topped with candles symbolizing the “Flame of Freedom,” flank Ed Dwight's memorial to the Underground Railroad. The work, which overlooks the Detroit River, includes a ten-by-twelve-foot sculptural group: eight escaping slaves and an Underground Railroad Conductor, who gazes and points towards Canada. Dwight modeled the conductor after &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="https://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/debaptiste-george" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;George DeBaptiste&lt;/a&gt;, a freeman from Virginia who migrated to Detroit in 1846. DeBaptiste was an active abolitionist, Underground Railroad operative, and leader of the Vigilant Committee of Detroit, a watchdog and legal advocacy group for the black community.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;br /&gt;Panels with engravings of quilt squares appear on either side of the figural group. Here, Dwight appears to be referencing one of the most popular myths surrounding the Underground Railroad:&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;“&lt;a href="https://www.pbs.org/wnet/african-americans-many-rivers-to-cross/history/who-really-ran-the-underground-railroad/"&gt;Freedom Quilts&lt;/a&gt;,” objects said to have been created by slaves and hung in windows as coded maps or guideposts for fugitives slaves on the run. &lt;/span&gt;The base of the sculpture is embellished with engravings of lanterns resting in window sills.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;As the historian, Nora Faires has observed of the two gateway pillars: “High on the western pillar is a carving of a “slave tag,” dated 1833. Masters in Charleston, South Carolina, were legally required to purchase such tags or badges for slaves to wear, both as a revenue-raising measure and to keep track of those in the city’s slave population who hired out their own time. The badges were meant, in part, to prevent runaways from blending into the urban slave population, because they would have found it difficult and dangerous to seek work or engage in other business on their own behalf without possessing a tag. Dwight adorned the eastern pillar with a Charleston “free tag,” which the city had required free blacks to wear for most of the 1780s, probably also to help prevent runaways from taking advantage of urban opportunities. Interestingly, the centerpiece of the free tag is a liberty or Phrygian cap, held aloft on a liberty pole, a symbol of the quest for freedom that made an occasional appearance during the era of the American Revolution but would become more common in the United States in the 1790s and after, it having been popularized in the French Revolution.33 The placement of the slave figures between these two badges hints at their liminal state between the strict regulations of slavery and the quest for full liberty" (see b&lt;span&gt;ibliographic citation).&lt;/span&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2775">
                <text>Dwight, Ed, 1933-</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2776">
                <text>Dedicated: October 20, 2001</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2777">
                <text>Detroit 300; International Underground Railroad Monument Collaborative</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2778">
                <text>Detroit Riverwalk, Detroit, MI 48226, United States (42° 19.584′ N, 83° 2.637′ )</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2830">
                <text>JPEG</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2831">
                <text>English </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2832">
                <text>Visual Arts-Sculpture&#13;
&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3163">
                <text>Wikipedia Commons; Susan Cohn via High on Adventure</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="1171" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="375">
        <src>https://community-sourcing-beta-test.slaverymonuments.org/files/original/47109900dfa8f11898c25a0847ee9daf.jpg</src>
        <authentication>696375ad72165481fb30d607a4207438</authentication>
      </file>
      <file fileId="376">
        <src>https://community-sourcing-beta-test.slaverymonuments.org/files/original/331d8300e9b5adb373f350fa7e4f0b40.jpg</src>
        <authentication>48ecedfcf0d593fbc7ba183f3885b4ee</authentication>
      </file>
      <file fileId="377">
        <src>https://community-sourcing-beta-test.slaverymonuments.org/files/original/7c87ed470cb91ce93f856c7dd500823a.jpg</src>
        <authentication>70f1a7a5b85c917294d55cfc943a0ee2</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <itemType itemTypeId="19">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="3608">
              <text>Sculpture</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2849">
                <text>&lt;em&gt;Jerry Rescue Monument&lt;/em&gt; (Syracuse, NY)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2850">
                <text>BuMann, Sharon; BuMann Studio</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2851">
                <text>Subject (Topic):&lt;br /&gt;Slavery&lt;br /&gt;Resistance&lt;br /&gt;Slavery-Emancipation&lt;br /&gt;Slavery- Abolition&lt;br /&gt;Northeastern United States&lt;br /&gt;Public art&lt;br /&gt;Public sculpture</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="2852">
                <text>Subject (Object Type):&lt;br /&gt;Commemorative sculpture</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2853">
                <text>1990</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2854">
                <text>JPEG</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2855">
                <text>English </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2856">
                <text>Visual Arts-Sculpture</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2857">
                <text>Clinton Square, 161 W Genesee St, Syracuse, NY 13202</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2861">
                <text>A concrete four-pointed star serves as the sculpture’s plinth. Three brick and concrete walls form a niche, which viewers are invited to physically occupy. Affixed to the brick walls, the niche contains bronze plaques explaining the history of Jerry Henry’s rescue and the symbolism of the sculpture. Emerging from the central brick wall, on the side that faces outward, away from the architectural niche, are three life-size bronze figures. Rendered in high relief, the artist, BuMann, depicts an imagined scene of Jerry’s rescue. A shirtless Henry, with broken shackles on his wrists, is helped to safety with the assistance of&lt;a href="https://www.harvardsquarelibrary.org/biographies/samuel-joseph-may/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt; Rev. Samuel J. May&lt;/a&gt; and the &lt;a href="https://docsouth.unc.edu/neh/loguen/summary.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Rev. Jermain W. Loguen&lt;/a&gt; (who was himself a formerly enslaved person), men who were not actually present during Jerry’s escape.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3161">
                <text>To learn more about Jerry Henry's rescue, checkout &lt;a href="https://library.syr.edu/digital/exhibits/u/undergroundrr/case3.htm"&gt;"The Jerry Rescue and Its Aftermath,&lt;/a&gt;" a digital exhibition curated by the Special Collections Research Center of Syracuse University.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3162">
                <text>Waymarking.com</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="1183" public="1" featured="1">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="397" order="1">
        <src>https://community-sourcing-beta-test.slaverymonuments.org/files/original/03a084432f2f3166170591707614a808.jpg</src>
        <authentication>15fef5faf61d8fe83f20b85d678dd1e4</authentication>
      </file>
      <file fileId="403" order="2">
        <src>https://community-sourcing-beta-test.slaverymonuments.org/files/original/ef7de2ef1ef8631f84759dde0cba1445.jpg</src>
        <authentication>fd32811dc509cf473ec38d85168335e1</authentication>
      </file>
      <file fileId="402" order="3">
        <src>https://community-sourcing-beta-test.slaverymonuments.org/files/original/faa62f242d2436b5b5ec0f3db2ede375.jpg</src>
        <authentication>35f03a7bea903bce7137c3ca6201ddad</authentication>
      </file>
      <file fileId="520" order="4">
        <src>https://community-sourcing-beta-test.slaverymonuments.org/files/original/bcdd806bf8978030b264ac61e2809399.jpeg</src>
        <authentication>dfe73f4a73b665d5485beb6454807778</authentication>
      </file>
      <file fileId="398" order="5">
        <src>https://community-sourcing-beta-test.slaverymonuments.org/files/original/80dcace38e3f5481e68812d648773b0f.jpg</src>
        <authentication>f061eb04c27faf986f234fafbd39f51b</authentication>
      </file>
      <file fileId="399" order="6">
        <src>https://community-sourcing-beta-test.slaverymonuments.org/files/original/76e05aca2c47d31d6456f10fbfe5912c.jpg</src>
        <authentication>e310b9d12cb3d93382376eb51410ee87</authentication>
      </file>
      <file fileId="400" order="7">
        <src>https://community-sourcing-beta-test.slaverymonuments.org/files/original/e7e620daa478877b911435d22a228bf7.jpg</src>
        <authentication>9003359df0b09bd5e618af349b2ba7aa</authentication>
      </file>
      <file fileId="405" order="8">
        <src>https://community-sourcing-beta-test.slaverymonuments.org/files/original/634ee78aac4914e301ea7d82c66394b8.jpg</src>
        <authentication>2ae8ef7b2b5708d3d81750b7ae556a46</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="13">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="3480">
                  <text>African American History</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="3481">
                  <text>Renée Ater</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="19">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="3062">
              <text>Sculpture</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="10">
          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
          <description>The actual physical size of the original image</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="3063">
              <text>Varied: 144 in. to 180 in. (365.76 cm. to 457.2 cm.)</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3022">
                <text>&lt;em&gt;Truths that Rise from the Roots Remembered&lt;/em&gt; (Alexandria, VA)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3023">
                <text>Meadows, Jerome, 1951-</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3024">
                <text>Dedicated: June 17, 1995</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3025">
                <text>EDAW (now AECOM); Norfolk Southern Corporation; Carlyle Development; and The City of Alexandria.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3026">
                <text>JPEG</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3027">
                <text>English</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3028">
                <text>Visual Arts-Sculpture</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3029">
                <text>309 Holland Lane, Alexandria, VA 22314, United States</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3033">
                <text>&lt;em&gt;Truths that Rise from the Roots Remembered&lt;/em&gt; is located in the Alexandria African American Heritage Park. The memorial includes a group of three stylized bronze trees whose surfaces are etched with names, historical information, and photographs of the African American community in Alexandria; a commemorative grave mound sculpture with limestone supports; and a bronze bookstand. The trees and mound are contained within a circle surrounded by gray flag stone and a semi-circular brick wall. Embedded in the gray flagstone is a red limestone circle, marked with the compass points.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3034">
                <text>&lt;p&gt;Subject (Topic)&lt;br /&gt;African American history&lt;br /&gt;Alexandria (Va.)--History&lt;br /&gt;American South&lt;br /&gt;Freedmen--Virginia&lt;br /&gt;Public art&lt;br /&gt;Public sculpture&lt;br /&gt;Resistance&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="3035">
                <text>&lt;p&gt;Subject (Object Type) &lt;br /&gt;Commemorative sculpture&lt;/p&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3155">
                <text>Photographs by Renée Ater</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="39">
        <name>African American history</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="41">
        <name>civic</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="42">
        <name>education</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="54">
        <name>Jerome Meadows</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="40">
        <name>religion</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="31">
        <name>Virginia</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
